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Staphylococcus aureus is a ball shaped bacterium which can be observed as a grape-like clustered organism under the microscope. Cells are sized between 0.8 – 1.2 µm, Gram-positive and non-motile. S. aureus is a natural commensal of humans which lives on skin and upper airways and doesn’t cause diseases in general. In case of infections with pathogenic strains or in immunodeficient persons S. aureus is able to cause skin infections and abscesses but also life threating diseases as pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis, or toxic shock syndrome (TSS).

One reason for the facultative pathogenicity of S. aureus is its ability to form enterotoxins (SET), which can accumulate in contaminated food and can’t be inactivated totally by heat treatment. Contaminations of food stuffs with S. aureus are almost always caused by humans (hands, sneezing, coughing). S. aureus therefore is considered as indicator for poor personal hygiene.