General information:
The term “coliform bacteria” doesn’t describe a taxonomical group beyond the eubacteria. It actually is more a summary of some genera from the family of enterobacteria. Their common biochemical characteristics are positive lactose reaction as well as negative oxidase reaction. Coliform bacteria are considered to be indicators for fecal contaminations. E. coli is the best known member of the group of coliforms and considered as indicator for the presence of pathogenic organisms (e.g. Salmonella).
The nutrient medium of Compact Dry EC contains two chromogenic enzyme substrates: Magenta-Gal and X-Gluc. Thus coliforms show a red or red violet coloration of their colonies while colonies of E. coli will appear in blue. By addition of all red, red violet and blue colony counts the total number of coliform bacteria grown on the nutrient can be obtained.